In Theory and in Practice: Restoration of Salmonid Habitat in the Face of Climate Change

Salmon have been referred to the ‘canary in the coalmine’, alerting us to the impact of climate change on the health of our entire ecosystem. As salmon complete their lifecycle utilizing habitat in the ocean, estuaries and mountain stream reaches, they are vulnerable to changes in conditions along the way. Predictions of impacts point toward warmer water temperatures, reduced in-stream flows, increased flooding, reduction of habitat inundated by sea level rise, and ocean acidification. These conditions will result in a widespread loss of habitat quality and quantity affecting every life stage.

Of particular concern regarding the possible impacts of climate change is the sensitivity of estuarine habitats, critical rearing habitat for juveniles. As coastal communities plan for climate change resiliency, the adaptability of salmonids and transgression of their habitats not only need to be included but also elevated as priority actions. Furthermore, on-going restoration efforts of estuaries must include real and long-term solutions that will address habitat changes into the future.

Specific adaptability strategies and actions will be highlighted to allow for easy adoption into climate change resiliency planning. Case studies from the Pacific NW will be showcased where specific restoration actions address climate change adaptability in estuaries.