This symposium will describe challenges and solutions related to the estimation of fish release and discard mortality.  Presentations will cover release and discard mortality topics in freshwater and marine environments.  Accurate estimation of release and discard mortality is important to stock assessment and sustainable management of fisheries.  This symposium should be of interest to state and federal fishery biologists and managers, as well as academics, anglers, commercial fishermen, and representatives of conservation organizations who are involved in fishery management efforts.