Ecology of vernal ponds in Coachella Valley, Southern California

A study of the ecology of vernal ponds in Coachella Valley, Southern California revealed complex interactions between mosquito larvae (Culex tarsalis), dragonfly larvae, damselfly larvae, notonectids, diving beetles, copepods, and introduced mosquito fish.  Various abiotic factors such as water temperature, time of pond flooding, and drying of ponds also influence the interactions between these species.