Science for marine spatial planning: Fisheries ecosystem dynamics of Rhode Island's coastal waters

This study investigated the distributions, population structure and habitat interactions of key species and communities in Rhode Island’s coastal waters.  Bottom trawls were used to ascertain fish community metrics (abundance, biomass, diversity, evenness) at fifteen sites within Rhode Island and Block Island Sounds.  Full coverage side-scan and bathymetric data was collected for 12 of the 15 sites.  A suite of benthic habitat parameters was derived from the acoustic datasets and used to evaluate the relationship between the benthic environment and the demersal fish community. Fish abundance and biomass were greater in Rhode Island Sound, while fish community diversity was greater in Block Island Sound.  In addition, larger, more evenly distributed fish communities were found in deeper water, while smaller, more diverse communities were found in shallower water.  Five benthic habitat parameters were identified that significantly influence the species composition of the demersal fish assemblage, suggesting that physical features of the benthos play a important role in structuring the fish community. By understanding the role that benthic habitat plays in fish community dynamics in Rhode Island and Block Island Sounds, we hope to guide the placement of offshore structures so as to preserve the ecological and economic value of the area.